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Furthermore, NDI is a validated method for matching deaths in the U.S. to population-based datasets and for obtaining cause of death [77].
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Verbal autopsy is an approach used to obtain cause of death by interviewing lay respondents on the signs and symptoms experienced by the deceased before death [8].
We obtained cause of death information from local death registries.
The numbers of deaths in each five-year period were too small to obtain cause-specific SMRs.
For example, using death registries to obtain causes for death is a notoriously invalid source for this type of information.
Further, demographic surveillance often utilise VA to obtain cause-specific mortality data in the population under surveillance.
As a potential secondary explanation for the depressed mortality during incarceration, we obtained cause-specific SMRs for select deaths that are unlikely to occur in prison (Table 4).
Some non-differential misclassification might also have been introduced by the probabilistic record linkage, which was used to obtain cause-of-death information.
Since the relatively small numbers of deaths in each category did not make it meaningful to obtain cause-specific SMRs for each time period, it was not possible to investigate how cause-specific mortality ratios change over time.
We obtained cause-, sex-, age-, and time-specific mortality data, adjusted to ICD 9, for the US comparison population from the Mortality and Population Data System (MPDS) at the University of Pittsburgh [ 13].
To examine by which causes of death smoking contributed the most to both the increase and the decrease in the sex difference, we obtained cause-of-death data and divided the cause-specific mortality into smoking-related and nonsmoking-related mortality.
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