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This indicates learning to obtain reward or to avoid punishment.
When directly correlated with measures of personality and affect, the low expectancy condition P3 amplitudes were related to higher trait anxiety for the FZ electrode, and low expectancy P3 amplitudes related to reward responsiveness and increased drive to obtain reward for the CZ electrode.
The group trained to dig in the presence of a specific odor to obtain reward showed sustained increase in ripple activity after the learning session, lasting at least one hour.
Animals had to choose one among the four arms to obtain reward.
In humans, dopamine antagonists can impair reward-related responses within ventral striatum and diminish behavioral effort to obtain reward (32).
Previous researches have shown that ventral striatum is associated with reward-related behaviors (obtain reward or avoid punishment) [ 38, 39].
Similar(34)
Willingness to expend effort in order to obtain rewards and avoid harm may be a crucial distinguishing feature among individuals vulnerable to anxiety or depression.
The processes by which individuals decide to attribute physical effort to obtain rewards might be particularly relevant to relate to apathy traits.
Primates must navigate complex social landscapes in their daily lives: gathering information from and about others, competing with others for rewards like food and mates, and cooperating to obtain rewards as well.
Primates must navigate complex social landscapes in their daily lives: gathering information from and about others, competing with others for food and mates, and cooperating to obtain rewards as well.
Learning how to obtain rewards requires learning about their contexts and likely causes.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com