Maximum expiratory flow rate at 30 percent of vital capacity above residual volume served as an index of airway obstruction in comparing the effects of leukotriene C and histamine administered by aerosol to five normal persons.
The effect of each radiographic surrogate for pulmonary venous obstruction and the effect of each cause of PAH in relation to the patients' characteristics were tested with a two-way analysis of variance.
A well-described mouse model of renal fibrosis, involves unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), which mimics the effects of diabetes and CKD [ 75].
The effects of obstruction on renal function are the consequence of many factors that profoundly alter all components of glomerular function.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of nasal obstruction during growth on the maturation of the jaw-opening reflex (JOR) using an electrophysiological technique.
Thus, they are usually studied indirectly, taking advantage of the effects of their obstruction, such as premature closure, air trapping, heterogeneity of ventilation, and lung volume dependence of airflow limitation.
We tested the effects of partial obstruction and the homogeneity of body sizes on the escape rate and found that appropriate selection of size and location of obstruction and homogeneity of body sizes can increase the outflow of pedestrians by more than double.
For example, the Pioglitazone Effect on Regression of Intravascular Sonographic Coronary Obstruction Prospective Evaluation (PERISCOPE) trial compared the effects of treatment with pioglitazone or glimepiride for 18 months on plaque volume in 543 patients with coronary disease and type 2 diabetes [ 8].
To assess the negative impact of mouth breathing on craniofacial development, Vargervik et al.[3] studied the effects of nasal airway obstruction in the rhesus monkey, and they demonstrated that mouth breathing can generate Class II malocclusion with crossbite, which will narrow and lengthen the palate and cause skeletal changes to the mandible.
Beyond the potential for diagnostic confusion with cholangiocarcinoma, the clinical significance of intrabiliary growth is 2-fold and includes both the effects of bile duct obstruction and the potential for intrahepatic tumor recurrence.
