In contrast, he said, he observed true innovation at companies like Foxconn, the Taiwanese manufacturing firm with extensive operations in mainland China that has done much of Apple's assembly work.
Analyzing plausible values with standard techniques yields the same results as if we actually observed true person proficiencies (Rubin [1987]).
In this article, we introduce and apply our de novo protein design framework, which observes true backbone flexibility, to the redesign of human β-defensin-2, a 41-residue cationic antimicrobial peptide of the innate immune system.
We and others reason that genomic data can be used to correct for the (only partly observed) true genealogy.
If 10/50 pairs predicted by CODA have a GOSS score > = 4, CODA has achieved an enrichment of 11.98 (10 observed true positives divided by 0.835 expected true positives).
The sensitivity P+ indicates the probability of the observed true positives at a threshold and the selectivity P- shows the probability for the observed true negatives at a threshold.
For each sample time (days 0 92), agreement between predicted and observed "true" tertile categorization was scored across all subjects, resulting in nine separate contingency tables.
To understand the mechanism of this apparent association, a brief review of the relationship and assumptions of observed, true, and error scores is necessary [ 31].
As the resulting HIV prevalence prediction relates to a population for whom we generally never get to observe true HIV status, it is important to independently validate the model.
In order to compute the ROC curve, we then quantified the number of observed true positive and true negative when we classified patients to be cases if y1 < = c1 and y2 < = c2, for a variety of c1 and c2 (that is, all combinations of y1 and y2).
We hypothesized that by first accounting for pairwise marker dependencies among case and control groups, it would be possible to observe true disease interactions above the noise of dependent markers unrelated to disease, as was proposed in earlier studies of LD contrast (see Background).
