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ROM is often used as an outcome measure in studies observing effect of intervention in stiff joints and in shoulder pain [ 2- 4].
Our analysis also included cases under age 65, which diluted the overall effect estimate and reduced the chances of observing effect modification by factors other than age.
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Dynamic problems require exploration by means of manipulating variables, observing effects, and drawing conclusions.
Lowest observed effect level.
No observed effect level.
no observed effect concentration.
lowest observed effect concentration.
no observed effect concentration for the food.
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) values were based on both mortality and observed effects.
The "no observed effect level" and the "lowest observed effect concentration" are core elements of such assessments.
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) ranges were also relatively small, with ranges of 0.25 1.66 and 0.5 3.6 mg/L, respectively.
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