Sentence examples for observed substitution from inspiring English sources

For each sequence, observed substitution rates were compared to that expected under neutrality.

Additionally, we observed substitution saturation in the 16S-alignments (Iss 1.071 >Iss·c 0.784 for large taxon set; Iss 1.02 >Iss·c 0.750 for reduced taxon set).

This vector is, in fact, a row from the BLOSUM62 matrix, which represents similarities between amino acids based on empirically observed substitution patterns.

The initial alignment was adjusted manually and verified using Harmony3 (J. Shi, unpublished), which matches observed substitution frequency in the alignment with predicted substitution frequency from standard and environment specific substitution tables.

Ultimately, as the functional synthesis progresses in molecular evolution, questions about using functional evolution to explain dN/dS and observed substitution patterns more generally [ 33] will be flipped on their head.

Since the observed substitution rates were different for each of the four nucleotides, we introduced corrections for multiple substitutions and reversions for each type of the substituted nucleotide instead of one general correction.

Frequently observed substitutions are likely to be functional neutral and receive positive scores, while seldom observed substitutions are seen to be more likely to cause functional disturbance and are given negative scores.

The hETHE1 crystal structure will serve as a basis for detailed mechanistic studies and for insights into the basis of clinically observed substitutions causing impaired hydrogen sulfide metabolism.

In the examination of a class II MHC gene in Gila topminnows, Hedrick and Parker (1998) found that 25 of the 29 observed substitutions were nonsynonymous.

Additional lines of structural and functional evidence involving observed substitutions is ultimately necessary to validate predictions of lineage-specific functional change.

B can vary between 0 (all the observed substitutions lead to the same amino acid, implying that only 1 amino acid is acceptable as a substitution) and 1 (all the observed substitutions lead to different amino acids, implying an infinite variety of acceptable substitutions).