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The observed requirement for NMDA receptor activation to trigger ER fission raises the possibility that specific signaling pathways initiated at the NMDA receptor, rather than a general requirement for high cytosolic calcium, are important.
The observed requirement for specific molecules, including ZAP-70, LAT, SLP-76, and Vav1, in T cell development reflects conditions in which this diverse set of alternative pathways is severely limited by the effects of regulators, notably including Cbl.
Given the observed requirement for decrease in both pERK and pAKT downstream of mutant NRAS and the intense efforts to develop inhibitors targeting BRAF, MEK1/2 and PI3K in progress, we sought to understand if combined knock-down of RAF or MEK with PI3K would be an effective strategy for treatment of NRAS mutant melanomas.
These data suggest that the observed requirement for Cx43 in mural cell-mediated endothelial inhibition is a general phenomenon.
Surprisingly, JAK/STAT signaling is known to suppress hematopoiesis in Drosophila [ 29], in apparent contradiction to the observed requirement for this pathway in the cellular immune response.
If the gene of interest overlaps with Islet1Cre in prechordal plate and/or ventral foregut endoderm, as well as the second heart field, any observed requirement for cardiogenesis consequent to ablation with Islet1Cre cannot be attributed to a requirement within the second heart field.
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For most people, taxes on capital gains realized when they sell their homes have simply been abolished, along with the little-observed requirement for lifelong record-keeping.
The observed requirement of Pin1 for RITA-dependent cytotoxicity may offer a possible explanation for RITA's selective apoptotic effect in tumor cells, as opposed to its inefficiency in normal cells.
The observed requirement of RNase E for the biogenesis of SroC (Fig 4A, lanes 7 8) is consistent with a model in which SroC is an mRNA processing fragment with 5′P (Vogel et al, 2003).
The tethered mononucleotide junctions are sub-optimal substrates for the enzyme; thus, the observed requirements can be understood in terms of preventing re-adenylation of enzyme that dissociates from an adenylated intermediate before sealing the nick.
According to figures from the Department of Agriculture, poultry farms across the industry mostly observed requirements and standards relating to chicken slaughter.
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