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Similarly for hip BMD the observed inflation in variance was 2.06 and the effects were estimated to be inflated by a factor of 2.14.
For spine BMD the observed inflation in variance was 2.14 and the effects were estimated to be inflated by a factor of 2.24.
There are several theoretical avenues whereby the geographic convergence of these variables and the observed inflation convergence could be related.
This conductive body is interpreted as a possible source of material for the observed inflation at LdM.
However, gaps of days to months between a period of observed inflation and the eventual eruption (e.g., at Kerinci, Sinabung and Slamet, Indonesia, Chaussard et al., 2013) make a connection with eruption harder to infer and interpret.
First, it enables us to decompose the observed inflation rate series into a common and an idiosyncratic component as well as to determine the source of non-stationarity in the observed series, that is, whether it stems from the common factor(s) and/or the idiosyncratic components.
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Although the flyaway cost of jet fighter aircraft has soared, on average, by about 12.63% per year, the quality-adjusted aircraft cost has only risen by about 2.6% per year, a figure lower than the average observed general inflation rate for the period (around 4%).
We conducted the association test based on a logistic regression model with the additive genotype effect, and observed an inflation factor of 1.76.
However, observed variance inflation values are roughly proportional to mρ, as illustrated in Additional file 1, Figure S4.
"For several months we've been observing more inflation at the factory gate, higher commodities inflation and the risk of higher pay settlements," he said.
As my colleague Neal Soss, Credit Suisse First Boston's chief U.S. economist, observes, squeezing inflation out of the system is good for the U.S. economy and stock market.
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