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In these studies, birds that had been observed hooked during gear setting but were not present upon gear retrieval can be inferred to have fallen from hooks due to scavenging, current, or other mechanical action during the line soak and haul [19].
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It has been observed that hooked end fibers have shown better interface bond compared to the smooth fibers.
In 1996, a group of New Caledonian crows in New Zealand were observed making and using hooked twigs as tools to capture food.
It is also interesting to note that we observed crows making distinctly hooked tools with a single swift pull action, and deploying them straightaway, without any hook processing (see Fig. 2 and Additional file 6: Figure S1), which contrasts with Hunt's [ 1] earlier observations.
Smaller flexural strength and toughness were observed in the specimens with hooked fibers than those with straight ones at a Vf equal to or higher than 1.0%.
It is also observed that CFFTs reinforced with hooked end steel fibers exhibit improved compressive behavior compared to the companion CFFTs reinforced with crimped fibers.
It is observed that there are two hooked claws to the walking structure that must interfere in some way with the substrate to produce a ground turbulent like effect such that is necessary to do finite element analysis on the posture of said structure.
A greater pullout resistance of FRP fibres over traditional straight and some of the hooked steel fibres was observed.
In some animals, bristles with a hooked morphology were occasionally observed (supplementary material Fig. S2D), suggesting that IKKε requires Spn-F to fully exert its function.
Notably, strain-hardening behaviour is observed only for cylinders reinforced with 5D hooked end fibres.
From the experimental results of the both types of hooked fibres (Table 5), it can be observed that as the embedded length of fibre increases, the percentage of hook contribution in terms of total pullout work dramatically decreases.
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