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Iranians, he observed, "expected the United States to embrace their revolution" against the Shah's tyranny--a revolution that was about freedom and democracy.
No parent-offspring relationship is observed (expected kinship coefficient 0.25).
Values represent observed (expected) numbers of 10 nm gold particles in each group.
Values represent observed (expected) numbers of 5 or 10 nm gold particles in each group.
Biases were assessed by calculating the standardized residuals between observed and expected values as follows: SR = (Observed – Expected) / √Expected.
We examined the magnitude of the residual (observed – expected) AGI as a function of this summary phthalate score.
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Popgene software package by Yeh et al. [ 65] was used to calculate heterozygosity (observed & expected).
The score for evolutionary divergence was calculated as: GERP score = Observed- Expected Rate.
This statistic calculates the residual item scores under the GRM (i.e., observed - expected scores), and correlates these among items.
Precision and accuracy are reported as percent coefficient of variation and percent accuracy [ observed − expected) × 100/expected concentration], respectively.
These excess cases are calculated as (observed expected), where the number expected= observed/RR).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com