She chose to replicate some work published in the mid-1930s by the American scientist Viktor Hamburger, who had observed effects in chick embryo experiments that suggested that early neural proliferation specific to limbs depended on the presence of viable limb buds.
It is the result of comparing observed effects in treated groups to the effects observed in the control group.
Instead, coregulation methods rely on assessing the probability of confirming the observed effects in other array datasets and on the probability of results belonging to common biological pathways.
The ToxRefDB chronic/cancer data set on 310 chemicals contained approximately 20,000 observed effects in rat or mouse studies.
Therefore, estrogen may contribute to observed effects in studies where testosterone is used as the androgen receptor ligand [ 84].
Thus all these observed effects in AC2 expressing plants could have been related to up-regulated jasmonate biosynthesis [ 38].
However, upon evaluating hospitalizations, mortality, and their composite, we observed effects in the 25% facilities to be numerically lower and directionally consistent, but statistically imprecise.
2) The observed effects in Drosophila, if confirmed are interesting enough for the reviewers and likely for the readers of eLife as well.
More importantly, we illustrate specific examples of persistent homology calculations, which correctly predict the survival benefit observed effects in clinical trials using inhibitors of the identified molecular target.
We selected the work of Eriksson and colleagues in this regard, demonstrating observed effects in four publications: Eriksson et al. (2001 , 2002, Viberg et al. (2002), and Sand et al. (2004).
It seems most likely that the presently observed effects in male fetuses stem from exposure of their mothers to a combination of chemicals that were present in the sewage sludge, but identifying what these may be is a difficult task.
