We observe a reduction in purifying selection compared with the parental species.
In the absence of target analytes, one would observe a reduction in the suspended reporters' concentration.
We did not observe a reduction in vessel density in either untreated control or irradiated tumor in CCR2−/− hosts, compared with WT mice (Fig. 2e).
On differentiation, we observe a reduction of mitochondrial activity in 3T3-L1 and C3H-10T1/2 cells, which is likely to reflect the shift of adipocyte metabolism from fuel consumption to energy storage.
As the misalignment of the top electrode set increases from 0∘ to 15∘ we observe a reduction of the average holding strength which depends on the electrode shape and the distance to the misaligned electrodes.
On the worker level, we observe a reduction of training for medium- and high-skilled employees but no significant effects on the training of low-skilled employees.
We observe a reduction in the single-period volatility exposures taken up in the context of correlation in squared returns across periods.
Surprisingly, we did not observe a reduction of the neuromagnetic signal for same FM directions.
Our hypothesis when designing the study was that we would observe a reduction in cotinine concentrations in nonsmoker workers after the law.
While some researchers understand cancer progression as a mechanism that increases entropy, we actually observe a reduction of Normalized Shannon Entropy in this work.
We observed no consistent changes in expression of the senescence-marker p27 by immunohistochemistry in MPAKT/Hi-MYC and Hi-MYC prostates following RAD001 treatment (not shown); however, we did observe a reduction in TUNEL staining in RAD001-treated tumors.
