Fig. 5. (a) Distribution of the EW component of the strain change residual (observation-calculation) calculated at each site.
Moreover, it became evident that there existed a tradition of observation, calculation, and theoretical reflection that had been pursued systematically, refined, and modified for over a millennium.
Large residuals remain between the observations and calculations, in northwestward displacements between observations and calculations on the west side of the triangulation net (Fig. 2(a)).
Figure 5 shows the range and azimuth offsets calculated using our preferred model and the residuals between the observations and calculations.
Many writings, often with large numbers, reflect exact astronomical observations and calculations.
The lunar-distance method was complex and time-consuming and could only become useful if enough navigators were trained to undertake the required observations and calculations.
Maskelyne and his assistant, Charles Green, were to make the ship-board observations and calculations necessary for the use of the first two methods.
In guessing the lengths of the recurrent eons (kalpas), the Hindus arrived, intuitively, at figures of the magnitude of those reached by modern astronomers through meticulous observations and calculations.
The Sun, Moon, and brightest planets were visible to the naked eyes of ancient astronomers, and their observations and calculations of the movements of these bodies gave rise to the science of astronomy.
And though the matter will involve more observations and calculations to determine for sure, a summer diet of geese might be enough to take the edge off their appetites even if the winter seal-hunting season gets curtailed by climate change.
