However in our dataset, each subject completed ten choice tasks, i.e. each subject had ten observations (choice tasks) which formed a cluster or can be considered repeated measurement.
In addition to basic settings, many more options are available: observation weights, choice of lambda sequence, grouping, etc.
Non-experiment external validity tests involving observation of choice activity in a natural environment, where the individuals do not know they are in an experiment, are rare.
For the observations this choice was problematic, as no satellite SST observations exist before 1982.
The authors write in their introduction that one of them is a Roman Catholic and one is an atheist, and that they hope "whatever biases we bring have canceled each other out," but they often sound very rah-rah about religion in their observations and choice of language.
If his formal inventions – the jarring succession of bluntly spliced juxtapositions, the epic chronological elisions and leaps, the probing of the social basis of character – invite us to adopt a stance of critical observation, his choices of time, place and circumstance force us out of judgment and into empathy.
Stacking the N R observations (the choice of N R is discussed in Section 2.1) that contain the target return for all L receive antennas into a column vector, the LN R × 1 overall received signal vector can be expressed as r = r 1 0, …, r L 0, …, r 1 N R - 1, …, r L N R - 1 T = H t s + H c s + z = x t + x c + z, (2).
As the interviewed gastroenterologists were unable to confirm, or refute, the previously reported observations, the choice of an antidepressant for the evaluation in future trials is still unclear.
34 Sample size calculation for DCE studies in healthcare is a developing field, and one where rules of thumb around observations per choice set are still employed.
For simplification purposes and according to the experimental observations, the choice was made to take into account only the stroma for the calculations: its thickness is predominant in the cornea and its structure is the most perturbed by edema development.
