Our ultrafast measurements provide direct observables for understanding the relationships among dynamics, structure, and intermolecular interactions.
Yet extrapolation of these results to the rest of the observable Universe requires understanding the dependence of formation and evolution on a wide range of initial conditions.
According to Aristotle, deductive logic (especially in the form of the syllogism) plays a central role in the articulation of scientific understanding, deducing observable phenomena from definitions of natures that hold universally and without exception.
It is becoming clear that a certain amount of interaction between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes occurs at a level not observable through our current understanding of biology.
As described in the previous section, learners with the proposed system externalize their understandings in observable forms for themselves and their teachers through packing, generalizing, and tagging operations in the operation field.
Having a ToM allows an individual to understand the observed behavior of others, based not only on directly observable perceptual features but also an understanding of underlying mental states; this understanding allows the individual to anticipate and better react to future actions.
Package structures and tags generated in learning with the proposed system can be regarded as an externalized learner understanding that is observable by teachers.
And theory in the humanities typically seeks a deepened understanding of how observable cultural phenomena operate: how, for example, do ideas about personhood shape the history of the novel and how does the novel inform the actual experience of persons at different historical moments?
Goals of such data integration efforts are (1) to gain a better understanding of the observable phenotypes of the cell, (2) to predict potential functions of molecular signatures, and (3) to apply these in silico models for biological discovery and engineering applications.
In particular, Tinbergen pointed out that, for a full understanding of an observable biological phenomenon (movement or behavior), it is necessary to analyze four different, though related, aspects: its causation (or mechanism), its ontogeny (developmental trajectory), its survival value (biological fitness) and its evolutionary (phylogenetic) history.
Hence, such properties as 'blue'hardand'coldercolder than' are paradigmatic examples of observable properties in the philosopher's understanding of observability.
