Table 1 Relation between observed attention levels and observable behaviors Attention level (l) Behavior Low (1) Medium (3) High (5) Writing, A w (l) 0.0 0.05 0.52 Yawning, A y (l) 0.26 0.0010.001 Supporting head, A s (l) 0.21 0.61 0.11 Leaning back, A b (l) 0.41 0.16 0.12 The values represent rate of time the behavior was present during the periods with the specific attention level.
In this way, we produced average score of selected behavior such as writing at each attention level, which gives an indication how observable behavior is related to observed attention.
We selected features, provided by Kinect One feature detection system, which were correlated to observable behaviors and attention levels.
In the absence of prior hard definition of how to annotate attention from observable behavior human coders have often disagreed on the level of attention at each time instance.
In a recent study by Eimer and Kiss [59], a PCN and, thus, visuo-spatial shifts of attention were observable only when the feature singleton was relevant to the current task.
Just as Skinner believed that a scientific psychology should devote its attention exclusively to observable behavior, so Bloomfield believed that a scientific linguistics should restrict itself to marks on the page and sounds in the mouth.
Considering the delay of activity in M1 to movement onset (presumably around 100 to 150 ms), lapses of attention should be observable before that time (as it was reported in [41]), i.e. several hundred milliseconds before the button press.
Since improvements were observable in physical performance under attention demanding circumstances it seems plausible to hypothesize that these changes may rely, at least in part, on functional or even structural changes in the brain.
Slips (observable actions and often associated with attention failures), Lapses (internal events, often involving memory failure).
Execution failures (plan is adequate to achieve outcome, but failure in execution): Slips (observable actions and often associated with attention failures), Lapses (internal events, often involving memory failure).
