Brigham argues that the machine creates a new social context, a new paradigm and in fact "provides few observable advantages over more conventional measurement techniques in the average measurement situation, even when socially sensitive attitude issues are involved" (Brigham, Bloom, Gunn, & Torok, 1974).
USAA has some decent stock funds, but its strength is in bonds — still a majority of its assets — where a small edge in expense ratios easily translates into an observable performance advantage.
Many of these drugs are associated with increased toxicity and with no observable survival advantage.
Decomposition results for reading (Table 3 and Fig. 2, panel A) show that estimates for the characteristic effect are negative and statistically significant, implying that gender differences in observable characteristics predict an advantage favouring female students in reading scores.
Table 4 and Fig. 2 (panel B) show the characteristic effect is negative and statistically significant, indicating that gender differences in observable characteristics predict an advantage in favour of female students in numeracy.
Both techniques assume that selection into the programme is based on observable characteristics only.18 The advantage of PSM over OLS is that PSM allows for non-linear relationships without the need to know how to model them.
29 Although iCCM was generally well received in most communities based on its relative advantage and highly observable results compared with the status quo, the study shows that more is needed to make it the best alternative for healthcare at the community level.
It also had the advantage of measuring an observable quality.
As a probe, ePop has the advantage of a simple observable (OD), high sensitivity, and rich information from complex dynamics.
We reasoned that the selective advantage may only be observable in a sensitized context in which small differences in silencer function may be translated into observable differences.
