Last but not the least, the existence of only one prejudiced firm in the market leads to a wage gap between Reds and Greens without there being any differences in observable productive abilities.
We then show that a similar pattern of deficits is observable in his ability to negotiate between non-targets: that is, M.H. selectively fails to take account of obstacles in his right visual field, but only while reaching with his right hand.
Hence, there are significant differences in returns to experience, even after controlling for cognitive ability, other observable characteristics and self-selection.
In particular: (a) The model focuses on the replacement of one judge at a time; (b) There are only two (relevant) political parties; (c) The utility function of political parties only depends on the ideology of the candidate (a single dimensional variable) and, possibly, on his/her ability (an observable variable that all parties perceive equally).
Importantly, the comprehensive conceptual disease model developed in this study depicts both physical and non-physical functional impacts of the disease, despite the intentional focus of the IMPA scale on observable decrements in the ability to complete ADLs, skills essential in preserving personal wellbeing, development, and age-appropriate levels of autonomy.
GRAF1-depleted cells had no observable defects in their ability to endocytose transferrin, demonstrating that GRAF1 is not necessary for Clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Similarly Bourner proposed that observable items, like the ability to formulate learning goals, should be used to demonstrate a person's capacity for reflecting.
To determine whether cells that are relatively insensitive to AprA have an observable defect in the ability of rAprA to bind to this receptor, we measured binding of rAprA to cells.
Although ability is not observable, cognitive and noncognitive tests can be good proxies.
The usefulness of these models is predicated on their ability to link observable patterns of behavior of a system to micro-level structures.
