Sentence examples for obligatory host from inspiring English sources

In life cycles there are two or more obligatory host species together with the final host (humans).

This is important because having a life cycle involving two or more obligatory host species has been predicted to constrain a parasite's ability to coevolve with either host [ 23, 24].

These have been postulated to be crucial to the evolution of pathogens with multi-host lifecycles (Gandon 2004) and might be expected to promote polymorphisms in traits via fluctuating selection, whereby different genotypes, or selection for different alleles, will be favoured in the different obligatory host stages.

In this context, we have analyzed the genome and proteome composition of N. equitans and compared the same with those of other mesophiles, hyperthermophiles and obligatory host-associated organisms.

The current report presents an extensive study on the genome and proteome composition of N. equitans, along with a comparative analysis of the compositional characteristics of other mesophiles, hyperthermophiles and obligatory host-associated organisms.

While the analysis of nucleotide/amino acid preferences in N. equitans offers an insight into the molecular strategies taken by the archaeon for thermo-parasitic adaptation, the comparative study of the compositional characteristics of mesophiles, hyperthermophiles and obligatory host-associated organisms demonstrates the generality of such strategies in the microbial world.

The transmission cycle of B. burgdorferi is complex, and involves a suite of obligatory hosts for the vector tick, for which suitable habitat and environmental conditions must exist.

Several reports highlight P. polymyxa as a non-pathogenic, non-obligatory host for 2,3-butanediol production [ 4, 17].

The only obligatory final host is an eel of the genus Anguilla[ 17].

The production of winged morphs in aphids has been suggested to serve two main purposes besides the obligatory change of host plant species in the life cycles of some species: firstly, the avoidance of deteriorating nutritional conditions, and secondly, the escape from predators [23], [24], [25], [26].

All parasite lines were also passaged through their obligatory mammalian definitive host at each generation.