We cannot presume that the Massachusetts Legislature intended by its use of such general terms as 'uphold,'defendnd,' and 'oppose' to impose obligations of specific, positive action on oath takers.
Members of both parties also say there is no realistic chance that President Obama and Republicans can agree by August — when the Treasury says it will run out of ways to avoid defaulting on the government's debt obligations — on specific cuts of trillions of dollars, as Republicans are demanding.
For those influenced by this libertarian view of professional autonomy, the normative lesson for professionals concerned about their obligations in specific cases can be simple: whatever interventions their patients will accept can be considered "treatments", while "enhancements" are simply those interventions which individual health professionals refuse to provide (Engelhardt 1990).
An increasingly prevalent and diverse but hitherto largely neglected type of treaty obligation prescribes specific procedures for domestic administrative decision-making.
Regulatory obligation of specific mentions in the medical report about the type and age of the equipment used, the radiation dose for technologies using X-rays, all these data being indirect information to assess the quality of the examination.
Finally, both farmers' moral obligation to specific pro-social engagement, or personal norms, and farmer's consciousness of the positive consequences of their pro-social behavior (awareness of consequences) seem to affect positively their willingness to participate in collective action.
However, the Ministry of Trade and Industry may grant exceptions from the work obligation under specific conditions.
These two reports raised in an acute form the question of where Britain's duty lay if its specific obligations to the Zionists under the Balfour Declaration clashed with its general obligations to the Arabs under Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
On this front, clause 189(4)(c) also appears pertinent — as it sets out that specific obligations on "relevant operators" can include: "obligations relating to the removal of electronic protection applied by a relevant operator to any communications or data" — which appears to suggest a requirement that companies are able to remove encryption when asked.
