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The producer's opportunity cost for reducing N rates to achieve this environmental objective was calculated to be $48.12ha−11 on average over all grid cells.
In simulations, the objective was calculated in a short time for each train and the SOS optimized the trip time.
The output diameter of the laser beam was 2 mm, and the beam's focal diameter under the objective was calculated to be about 200 µm, which is enough for smooth illumination of a trapped particle.
The percentage loss of lower fornix for both methods of measurement (subjective and objective) was calculated using the equation: A correction factor for age was implemented, as the lower forniceal depth is known to progressively shorten with age.
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The environmental impact objective is calculated through the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology using the Eco-indicator 99 method.
Exemplarily sensitivities of the outer strike point temperature and a heat load objective are calculated for a WEST case.
The dynamic optimal weight of each objective is calculated online from the entire Q-value matrices such that the greedy action policy can be obtained.
This step is calculated after assimilation and revolution of colonies, then the objective is calculated.
For the quantification of perilipin expression (Fig. 6E and J), perilipin-positive areas in five different fields randomly chosen under the microscope using a 20 × objective were calculated by ImageJ software and the values were divided by the number of Hoechst-positive nuclei.
The fitness function (objectives) is calculated from three matrices, inputs to the algorithms, associated to (1) dependencies between modules; (2) measure A; and (3) measure O (described in the last section).
Briefly, the optimal value of the objective function was calculated by FBA simulation; then, with the objective function fixed at the optimal value, for each reaction the maximum and minimum possible fluxes were computed.
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