Desert theory is much more concerned than is deterrence theory with punishing only persons who are the proper objects of punishment and with punishing those persons only as much as they deserve.
Deterrence theories also are criticised for allowing persons who are not proper objects of punishment to be punished when this succeeds in deterring other people from breaching the law.
If such admission, plea, and apology require that the wrongdoer repent, reparation may seem to require that the wrongdoer be punished, given Locke's view that repentance is among the objects of punishment (Locke 1689: sec 8).
It was Las Casas's intention to reveal to Spain the reason for the misfortune that would inevitably befall it when it became the object of God's punishment.
By the latter half of the 20th century, however, many people in Western countries objected to this view of punishment, believing that it placed too little responsibility on offenders for their actions, undervalued the additional deterrent effect derivable from severe, as compared with moderate, punishment, and ignored society's ostensible right to retribution.
At the end of Choderlos de Laclos's "Liaisons Dangereuses," the scheming countess gets her comeuppance: she is stricken and disfigured with smallpox, her beautiful face now an object of revulsion -- a just punishment, de Laclos writes, because God has now made her ugly soul visible for all to see.
Seven of them lumped together nonabusive spanking with more severe forms of punishment, such as shaking, hitting with an object, or name-calling [ 30- 36].
And she objected to his comment, in a television appearance in March, that "there has to be some form of punishment" for women who have abortions.
(See below Effectiveness of punishment).
