The mode of action of Ptma has been studied in cancer and immune cells, and it has been shown to play a role in proliferation through mechanisms involving chromatin remodeling and interaction with numerous pathways associated with pluripotency maintenance such as the JAK-STAT pathway, the PI3K-Akt pathway, and the NF-κB pathway (George and Brown, 2010; Guo et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2004).
Finally the microenvironment that results from being embedded in a self-produced matrix results in the induction of numerous pathways associated with stress tolerance.
This modification interacts with the whole plant's metal-homeostasis regulation and with numerous pathways, leading to changes in the regulation of leaf development and metal translocation to shoots of CsHMA3 transgenic lines.
Inflammation in cardiac surgical patients is produced by complex humoral and cellular interactions with numerous pathways including activation, generation, or expression of thrombin, complement, cytokines, neutrophils, adhesion molecules, mast cells, and multiple inflammatory mediators.
Transcription dependent upon β-catenin is increasingly being seen as the output of numerous pathways acting in synergy with the "canonical" wnt-Fz/LRP-dvl pathway.
This pathway is known to play diverse functions in vertebrates [ 30- 32] and has cross-talk with numerous pathways to regulate a wide variety of biological process [ 33].
However, irinotecan's metabolism is complex with numerous pathways for deactivation/excretion plus subsequent reactivation both on- and off-target; consequently, high interindividual variation in irinotecan pharmacokinetics and response exists.
Resources are often fragmented with some proteins or metabolites being members of numerous pathways; the concept of pathway membership being a highly subjective division.
WASH is a critical component to ensuring adequate nutrition and can affect people through numerous pathways.
We further hypothesized that the virus tendency to target host pathway hubs effectively mediates the infection while ensuring variety, such that the virus targets numerous distinct pathways with a comparably low number of targeted proteins.
