Sentence examples for numerous mutations and from inspiring English sources

However, prolonged culture of ESCs results in ESCs accumulating numerous mutations, and they gradually adopt embryonal carcinoma cell features.

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently activated in cancer cells through numerous mutations and epigenetic changes.

The observation of 80 Type IV reactions with six mismatches reflects the ability of the loxP spacer to tolerate numerous mutations and continue to recombine.

The substrate specificity of the histone methyltransferase G9a was evaluated using a SPOT membrane encompassing residues 1 20 of H3 with numerous mutations and PTMs.

The Cancer Genome Atlas project (TCGA) revealed adult HGA to be highly heterogeneous with numerous mutations and copy number changes within tumors and across tumors sharing similar gene expression profiles [ 8, 12, 52, 72].

The partial sequence, which was determined to be a pseudogene, appears to be a duplicated SmEXPA3 [XM_002974112.1] that has since acquired numerous mutations and only contains a few regions of conserved expansin sequence.

Over the last decade, several studies have sought to examine the form and prevalence of epistatic interactions by measuring the fitness effects of numerous mutations alone and in combination in viruses, bacteria, fungi, and animals [ 2, 27- 31].

Because the genomes of these two cellulase-overproducing mutants acquired numerous mutations, deletions, and chromosomal rearrangements via multiple rounds of physical and chemical mutagenesis [ 20, 24], genome heterozygosity could also account for the meiotic drive lethality we observed here.

Due to multiple rounds of chemical and/or physical mutagenesis, the genomes of these hypersecretion mutants have numerous mutations, deletions, and DNA rearrangements [ 20, 24, 25].

Given the impact mitochondria have for cellular survival and function, numerous mutations in both mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded OxPhos genes have been reported to be responsible for rare pathological disorders [ 12].

Other mutated genes in breast cancer reported in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database [ 60] include PIK3CA (25% [ 61]), TP53 and CDH1 (22%), PTEN (6%), AKT1 (5%) and numerous mutations that occur at frequencies <5%.