For example, calmodulin, the predominant Ca2+ sensor, plays a critical role in decoding Ca2+ signatures into proper cellular responses in numerous tissue types and cellular compartments in eukaryotes [ 41].
It is also well known that this essential trace element is involved in numerous protein functions in all cellular compartments, including zinc-finger transcription factors in the nucleus [21].
Following translocation, the effector proteins are targeted to different cellular compartments and subvert numerous cellular processes to sustain colonization and multiplication (Garmendia et al., 2005).
Mitochondria are dynamic cellular compartments responsible for numerous essential cellular processes including energy production via oxidative phosphorylation and amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism, as well as the regulation of apoptosis.
There are more than ten subtypes of CyPs in mammals, distributed in different subcellular compartments, that function in numerous cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, immune response, protein secretion, and mitochondrial function [7] [9].
The differentiation and maturation of functional T-cells are regulated by numerous receptor and ligand interactions in separate cellular compartments at different phases of the immune response.
The individual expression products of the identified genes were distributed in different cellular compartments, functional classes, and involved numerous molecular and biological processes.
The assembly and budding process of enveloped viruses utilizes numerous cellular factors to facilitate transport from one membrane bound compartment to the other.
This multiplicity of actions is supported by its numerous interactors, which comprise proteins implicated in membrane traffic, signaling and actin regulation in a variety of cellular compartments (Pirruccello and De Camilli, 2012).
Numerous cellular components and proteins (in live or fixed cells) have been labeled and visualized with functionalized QDs, such as the nuclei, mitochondria, microtubules, actin filaments, cytokeratin, endocytic compartments, mortalin, and chaperonin proteins [51, 59 62].
