Sentence examples for null areas from inspiring English sources

For each simulated MAD distribution, we randomly selected x number of regions (x = actual observed VMR size) and computed the null areas.

The empirical P-value is obtained by comparing the actual observed VMR areas with the null areas from all simulations according to Equation 2. Areas are approximated using trapezoidal numerical integration.

The empirical P-value for each region is computed according to Equation 2: (2)where A r is the observed area, represents the jth null area A in the kth simulation, and N k represents the total number of null areas found in the kth simulation.

We repeat this for K simulations to create the null area distribution.

Therefore, we can calculate the significance for each observed region r, by comparison with the null area distribution.

In multivariate multilevel analysis (Table  3), an area-level effect was found in the null model (area-level variance of 0.1864 [0.0698], p = 0.008).

aP value is the probability that the sample area under the ROC curve is found when in fact, the true area under the ROC curve is 0.5 (i.e. null hypothesis: Area = 0.5).

For each diagnostic test, DeLong's method of ROC analysis was used to calculated a P-value and measure the probability that the observed area under the ROC curve was different than a random or 'coin flip' diagnostic test (null hypothesis Area = 0.5) [ 32].

When Hc reaches zero, nanoparticles exhibit superparamagnetic properties with a null hysteresis area as observed in the W1 sample.

In general, the relationship between the total mass and the extension of the area having a given probability of being covered by a deposit of a given threshold is not linear, because of the non-linearity of the operation of thresholding (thresholding produces a null hazard area when the erupted mass is insufficient for reaching the given loading).

Using the FAB score and applying it to each diagnostic group individually demonstrates that it performed well, statistically significantly above the null hypothesis area of 0.5 for on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, in all but three of the groups (Additional file 1: Table E7).