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Affymetrix microarray technology was used to screen gene expression changes in rats submitted or not to 192 IgG-saporin immunolesion of cholinergic basal forebrain and trained in spatial/object novelty tasks.
The completion of the familiarity and novelty tasks was followed by a 10-min distracter task, after which participants were presented with the surprise recognition memory test in which 120 stimuli from the FT and NT conditions were presented together with 60 new foils.
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The average percentages of correctly recognized familiar items (hits) and novel items classified as familiar (false alarms) during the novelty task and during delayed recognition are displayed in Table 1, separated by 5-HTR2a genotype.
These crossmodal attenuations changed direction in a context-dependent manner, consistent with the changes in novelty, task relevance, and information carried by each sensory input.
After a short filled interval (∼10 min), participants were presented with two recognition conditions, a novelty task (NT) emphasizing the detection of novel stimuli, and a familiarity task (FT) emphasizing the detection of familiar stimuli.
In summary, male rats were castrated either before puberty (postnatal day, pnd, 34/35) or after puberty (pnd 58/59) and were tested on four behavioural tasks, namely an OF, EPM, LD box and object/social novelty task, in adulthood (pnd 101 110).
Male Lister-hooded rats (Rattus norvegicus) were castrated either before puberty or after puberty, then tested in three novel environments (elevated plus-maze, light dark box, open field) and in an object/social novelty task in adulthood.
It should be noted that our approach of first familiarizing subjects with a subset of images, which is followed by the novelty task (where novel and familiarized items are presented intermixed), is a previously established method (Bunzeck and Duzel 2006; Wittmann et al. 2007; Bunzeck et al. 2009, 2011; Guitart-Masip et al. 2010; Krebs et al. 2011).
Both genotypes performed the novelty recognition task but failed to learn the what-when-where task.
China's emergence thus presents its diplomats with something of a novelty: the task of balancing relations between two powers at once.
In this paper, we present a mixture of support vector data descriptions (mSVDD) for the novelty detection task.
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