This would include but was not limited to coffinmakers, ironworkers and blacksmiths, tailors, cooks and noodle-makers, retail merchants, tavern, teahouse, or winehouse managers, shoemakers, seal cutters, pawnshop owners, brothel heads, and merchant bankers engaging in a proto-banking system involving notes of exchange.
The subprime loans that sparked the current crisis were modern versions of the promissory notes, bills of exchange and bankers' acceptances that were used in the past; all are "promises to repay".
The Global Trade Finance Program provides guarantees to cover payment risks for emerging market banks regarding promissory notes, bills of exchange, letters of credit, bid and performance bonds, supplier credit for capital goods imports, and advance payments.
The word, originally Arabic and now used in several languages in Southwest Asia, means a bill of exchange or promissory note, not trust or in trust.
As part of anti-corruption measures, he also ordered that the currency be replaced - the colour of the naira notes were changed - forcing all holders of old notes to exchange them at banks within a limited period.
As part of anti-graft measures, Buhari also ordered that the currency be replaced, forcing all holders of old notes to exchange them at banks within a limited period.
Traders in European fairs in the Middle Ages found it convenient to use credit, which required the supporting documents of drafts, notes, and bills of exchange.
Such a negotiable document of title, which calls for the delivery of goods, must be distinguished from negotiable commercial paper such as notes and bills of exchange, which call for the payment of money.
Now, officials say, Notes is ahead of Exchange because it can let companies do "knowledge management," a fuzzy term to describe the process by which people share expertise with colleagues.
Although Naima would not let her eyes leave my face, she had taken note of this exchange.
In the final note of this exchange, he conceded, "You were right: nothing happened — it didn't flap — at least not very much.
