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A three- to eightfold increased risk of drug-related death was found when comparing weeks 1 + 2 with weeks 3 12, with notable heterogeneity between countries: United Kingdom, 7.5 (95% CI: 5.7 9.9); Australia, 4.0 (95% CI: 3.4 4.8); Washington State, USA, 8.4 (95% CI: 5.0 14.2) and New Mexico State, USA, 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3 7.1).
A previously published study, carried out in similar cohorts in Europe and North America, found a lower global SMR, of 3.36 (95% CI: 3.16 – 3.56), but with a notable heterogeneity between cohorts depending on participant-specific characteristics, and being higher for cohorts with a greater representation of IDUs [ 12].
Similar(58)
However, there was noteworthy heterogeneity between studies.
I 2 of less than 30% of the variability in point estimate was considered as mild heterogeneity, more than 50% was notable heterogeneity, whereas in between was considered as moderate heterogeneity.
However, among the 51 studies with statistical design there was a notable heterogeneity in the type of design applied.
Notable heterogeneity was more often observed in the elderly group.
I-statistics also found notable heterogeneity (Table 3).
However, there is notable heterogeneity among individual studies.
Further analysis showed that the Spearman correlation coefficient between the logit of sensitivity and the logit of (1 − specificity) was 0.219 (p = 0.273), and confirmed that there must be factors other than threshold effect that result in the notable heterogeneity.
Heterogeneity was calculated using the χ test and the I. Notable heterogeneity was defined as an I substantially >50% (4).
Differences were examined only where there was notable heterogeneity (defined by I > 50%).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com