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It's not volunteered data because individuals aren't sharing it publicly, but it's not required data because people can decline to participate without violating the law.
County Council of Östergötland Not required – data collection was part of the health care routine system The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:.
However, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and smoking during pregnancy were not required data items in the NPDC, so BMI was available for women in only one jurisdiction between 2008 and 2009 (N = 119,257), accounting for 30.31% of all women in the study population.
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Michael Dunn, a Democrat like Mr. Gensler, expressed "grave concerns" that the regulation did not require data collectors to feature independent directors.
This procedure does not require data storage.
The first strategy is fast and does not require data to be collected beforehand.
It does not require data from different domains to be separated.
These models do not require data of any other variables and the feasibility has been proved.
This technique has features that do not require data measured on the boundary and is applicable to nonlinear boundary conditions.
Such SDSs did not require data to implement and provide an accessible method to incorporate the dialog domain knowledge [12].
This method is simpler than previously used panel methods because it does not require data on every household in every period.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com