Although these two SNPs were among the 30 most significantly associated with breast cancer risk in a prior GWAS [ 7], the associations had not been previously replicated in other study populations [ 31].
Although most prognostic studies published to date claim significant results [ 12, 13], very few translate to clinically useful applications, in part because study findings resulted from chance, methodological biases or the inclusion of risk factors that had not been previously replicated.
Finally, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was not used in this study and some (but not all) of the previously replicated findings were based on performance on this test specifically.
Thus, because of the timing of genotyping relative to progress in the field, and to a limited extent because of assay design limitations, several previously replicated SNPs could not be included.
Attempts have been made to establish whether the report by Draper et al (2005) of an association of childhood leukaemia with residential proximity to overhead powerlines, specifically at distances out to 600 m, which had not previously been reported, could be replicated.
These QTL not only replicated previously reported QTL but also included several novel QTL, which displayed complex patterns of pleiotropic effects, as well as population-shared and population-specific effects.
These loci not only replicated previously reported QTL for C18 0 on SSC14 and C20 0 on SSC16, but also included several novel QTL such as those for C20 1 on SSC7, C14 0 on SSC9, and C14 0, C16:0 and C16:1 on SSC12.
Two novel loci not previously associated with the phenotype were discovered and replicated in an analysis combining two additional datasets.
The left side domination has not previously been reported, and therefore remains to be replicated in other studies.
We also replicated our novel findings for GFI1, which has not previously been implicated in response to tobacco smoke.
