Exact(2)
Under the total, follow-up time conditional model, the rate function, λ ij (t), of the jth event for subject i is (5) λ ij (t ) = Y ij (t ) λ 0 j (t ) exp{ β j x i (t )}, where Y i j (t ) = { 1, if (j − 1 ) th event occured by time t and j th event has not for subject i 0, if otherwise or censored at time t for subject i.
The conditional model can also be formulated in terms of "gap time", the time from previous event: (6) λ i j (t − T N (t − ) ) = Y i j (t ) λ 0 j (t − T N (t − ) ) exp { β j x i (t ) }, where Y i j (t ) = { 1, if (j − 1 ) th event occured by time t and j th event has not for subject i 0, if otherwise or censored at time t and T N (t − ) is the time of the event just prior to time t.
Similar(6)
Additionally, a significant increase in breast cancer was observed with a family history of digestive system cancer for subjects 50 y and younger, not for subjects 50 y older.
Similarly, we found a significant increase in breast cancer was observed with a family history of digestive system cancer for subjects 50 y and younger not for subjects 50 y older.
Additionally, a significant increase in breast cancer was observed with a family history of digestive system cancer for subjects 50 y and younger (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.03 – 3.43), not for subjects 50 y older (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 0.86 – 3.25).
If not for its subject matter, you would call it a festival.
Were it not for the subject matter, it is easy to imagine it airing on ITV's 9pm Friday-night spot.
Given that a definiteness restriction is required for a topic, not for a subject, this will identify the trigger in question as a grammatical topic.
Related(1)
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com