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Most of the included studies were not double blind.
His study was not "double blind" — the scientific gold standard for ensuring that a researcher doesn't skew his findings in the direction that will confirm his hypothesis.
When conditions were not double blind, however, the self-reported electrosensitive individuals did report feeling worse and experienced more severe symptoms during TETRA compared with sham.
This recommendation was based on a meta-analysis 1 however, one including trials that were not double blind 4 5 and not including a trial published recently.
First, we have a better appreciation of factors that can introduce bias [ 2- 4], and would not now accept trials that were not double blind, or were very small.
5 The limitation of our study and previous studies is the fact that the design is not double blind and placebo controlled, making it difficult to interpret the size of the effect of TNF blockade.
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Although double blinding (blinding investigators, participants, and outcome assessors) indicates a strong design, trials that are not double blinded should not automatically be deemed inferior.
The study was not double blinded, placebo controlled, or randomized.
Of the 11 randomised controlled trials, one was not double blinded (table 2).
The study is not double blinded; no inactive stockings will be used in the comparator group.
Additionally, many scoring systems downgrade the quality rating of a trial if it is not double blinded.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com