We should not confuse Kant's concepts of the good will and moral worth in Groundwork I with his conceptions of virtue and the virtues that emerge in his more mature, normative works.
But both in his normative works and in his foundational work, the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant makes explicit that the supreme moral principle itself must be discovered a priori, through a method of pure moral philosophy (G 4 387 92).
This is where what could be called practical assumptions of ELSI research becomes important; the assumption that ELSI strategies actually fails to instigate normative work.
And Sen's refusal to endorse Nussbaum's list has not prevented him from using for various purposes particular selections of capabilities in his empirical as well as his normative work.
It is striking that very few proposals on selecting and weighting or aggregating have been worked out by philosophers based on foundational work in ethical theory; instead, most of the proposals on selecting or weighting have been formulated by scholars working in applied ethics, normative political philosophy, or engaged with normative work in the social sciences.
The normative work within the modern constitution is in this analysis conditioned by what Latour called a "work of purification": The realm of fact and value, nature and society should carefully be purified, separated and subsequently treated in different realms, defining among other things the work descriptions of the humanist and social scientist.
With regard to such wrongs, having been pardoned often takes the form of such performative utterances as "don't give it a second thought," "don't worry about it," or "I forgive you," where the speech act itself does the normative work involved in forgiving or pardoning (Pettigrove, 2004).
Regular assessment of DALY requires continuing improvement in data sources particularly on cause of death statistics, and strengthening of institutional capacity to maintain this important normative work.
We recognized that undertaking normative work such as BOD assessment required substantial financial and time resources, institutional capacity and long term commitments.
Similar to Dixon-Woods et al. [ 9] normative work construct, we found that health care providers often prioritized their work according to which patient safety initiatives were being emphasized at a hospital, unit, and individual level.
Expanding on normative work, our findings suggest that how work gets prioritized is dependent on various factors including perceived compatibilities between patient safety initiatives and perceived risks of doing these initiatives.
