Blair and Cipollotti [ 21] report that previous piloting on a large, independent sample of healthy controls had resulted in the identification of a set of consistently identified normative situations and violations.
These adaptive computations implement a relative value code that may explain the characteristic context-dependent nature of behavioral violations of classical normative theory.
Two scores were obtained for this task: one referring to the number of normative situations and the other to the number of violations correctly identified.
I argue that underlying the violation of dominant interpretations of space and normative patterns, often expressed as commodification of 'tradition', are diverse worldviews and concerns about the ways self- and community interests are expressed and realized.
More generally, human societies involve repeated instances of partner choice for collective action based on reputation; reputations can become widespread through gossip and language, and supported by normative cultural expectations for which there are sanctions for violation.
But even if this partly reflects evolved psychological mechanisms or 'modules' governing social sentiments and responses, much of it may also be the result of human intelligence grasping (under varying cultural conditions) genuine morally relevant distinctions or facts—such as the difference between the normative force that attends harm and that which attends mere violations of convention.
The emphasis on social conventions ties in closely with normative expectations as far as emotional expressions are concerned, and violations of the latter oftentimes prompt individuals to conclude that the expression was inappropriate (see Van Kleef, this issue).
Freedman and Kruk [ 109] posit that individual actions in violation of patients' rights occur at the convergence of complex personal, normative and systemic circumstances.
(follow @normative) Updated at 6.47pm BST 6.00pm BST Amnesty International sees a "great risk of human rights violations" if Snowden ends up inside the US justice system.
