The call for a post-ELSI shift, to summarize, seems to rely on three main lines of arguments of why ELSI research programs fails as normative programs: ELSI research is geared towards researching 'consequences' of research in ways that make it blind for the politics of research and draw attention away from important matters of concern.
Step two was replacement: since no foundational story can be told about the relation between input (evidence) and output (theory), we should replace the normative program with a purely descriptive inquiry, e.g. the psychological study of what input causes what output.
We categorized occupants who participated in the normative comparison feedback program into three groups (i.e. low, medium, and high energy consumers) based on their baseline energy consumption, and tested 9 hypotheses.
In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive analysis and tested hypotheses on occupants' behavioral responses to a normative comparison feedback program, in addition to the impact of notifications on the level of engagement of each group of occupants.
While the former mainly apply normative or positive mathematical programming models (Louhichi et al., [2010]), in the latter environmental impacts are estimated using econometric or statistical models (see Buysse et al., [2007] for a review).
Dalton et al. (2010) use these results as a normative justification for empowerment programs that increase individuals' aspirations.
Epidemiologic evidence suggests that prevention programs in normative social systems such as schools are needed for broad suicide prevention impact.
According to traditional normatives, maintenance, repair, or programming personnel can only be inside the robot workspace if the industrial robot is not in automatic mode.
The contribution of this paper is two-fold: (1) reporting that the effectiveness of the notifications in eco-feedback programs are initially highly dependent on the type and the nature of the program, and then the interval and the content of the notification, and (2) demonstrating the variability of occupants' behavioral responses under the same normative comparison eco-feedback program.
Interestingly enough, political rhetoric and official documents of national, international and supranational level, insist that the term 'knowledge society' not only describe current realities in economically developed societies but also represent a program, a normative goal with regard to the evolution of all countries.
Articles finally selected included two literature reviews, seven explanatory analytical studies, six descriptions of EmOC programs, 21 normative evaluations and nine case studies.
