Furthermore, normative goals are inherently competitive, and social competition has been shown to increase the amount people are willing to pay at auctions (e.g., Delgado, Schotter, Ozbay, & Phelps, 2008; Goeree, Holt, & Palfrey, 2002).
Similarly, we may summarize the normative aspect of markets as fair competition and consumer protection, and social enterprise facilitation as regards networks.
Finally, it engages the issue of inter-jurisdictional tax competition from both positive and normative perspectives.
The stringency of an obligation is thus a consequence not of its weight or practice features, but of the fact that it supports the required action by special normative means, insulating it from the general competition of reasons.
Item 19 was designed to measure the effect of competition from other organisations on normative belief, but it performed poorly.
Is there a 'normative fit' between EU norms and the local normative context?
"Competition, peer comparison and social comparison to normative predetermined targets result in only short-term motivational effects".
Nonetheless, the international human rights framework does constitute a critical normative and ethical discourse on HHR migration, albeit one somewhat constrained by competition between individual and collective rights within different human rights treaties [ 37].
Fourthly, the authority relationships contained in a hierarchy can be used to foster important normative influences, such as public service ethics, while any confusion in public servants' minds about the role of competition and self interest which could be caused by the introduction of market mechanisms [ 66] will be absent.
Our recent work (Boyle, Earle, LaBrie, & Smith, 2017) showed that the efficacy of personalized normative feedback-based (PNF) college alcohol interventions can be improved through the addition of gamified elements including points, chance, competition, and personal avatars.
