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The Early Notification of Community-Based Epidemics (ESSENCE) system, which uses variable numbers of syndromes and sub-syndromes in different versions, first normalizes the text to remove punctuation and expand abbreviations and then assigns the normalized text to a concept using human-assigned weights [ 3].
IAM additionally added binarized and normalized text line images to the manuscript data.
Altogether, the manuscript data contains page images (jpeg, 300 dpi), binarized and normalized text line images and text edition at page-level (word spelling, capitalization, punctuations, etc).
During synthesis time, the TTS system accepts normalized text, takes into account the duration and phrase break information predicted by a statistical parametric speech synthesizer trained using the same audio data and hypothesized transcriptions, and chooses an appropriate sequence of units that minimizes the total of the target and concatenation costs.
4. Comparison of normalized text with normalized names of objects.
The name of an object is considered to be found if the normalized text is identical to the normalized name of the object.
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Most approaches normalize text by generating potential respelling candidates and ranking them from most likely to least likely in order to pick the top one.
The main task of the plain text filtering component is to normalize text by converting to lower case and filtering punctuation and numeric values.
Hassan and Menezes [16] used random walks on a contextual similarity bipartite graph constructed from n-gram sequences on large unlabeled text corpus to normalize social text.
Raw data were RMA normalized using GeneSifter (or assumed to already be normalized if only text files were provided) and Student's t test and pairwise comparisons subsequently performed using the appropriate included controls for each data set.
A hierarchy in gene expression exists and it matches the hierarchy in growth rate- data of Figure 2 in main text normalized for growth rate.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com