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Highly impacted areas were identified based on cross-referencing the Human Footprint data with country scale data across the mediterranean biome on the extent of urban and agricultural area and normalized by population data for the year 2000.
Estimated excess O3 mortalities were densest in highly populated areas but were distributed more evenly across the globe when divided (normalized) by population size.
Both variables are normalized by population size.
Figure 1 depicts the raw time series of weekly number of deaths from pneumonia and influenza in the United States, France, and Australia, normalized by population size.
In both countries, monthly deaths were normalized by population size to obtain comparable death rates over time and these were standardized to 30.5-day months.
Three of our five independent variables, including economy, literacy, and undernourishment, have been normalized by population for each country, while the other two variables, time and political regime, are country-level characteristics which should not be affected by population size.
Similar(54)
This indicated that normalized variables have returned to non-normalized after we weighted population-normalized variables by population size again.
Normalized by the population of destination, this measure becomes a relative global attractiveness of the destination stating how much visitors per capita of residential population the location has. Figure 3(a) shows the relative global attractiveness in relation to the population of the city (with additional distinction by domestic and foreign tourists).
Edification permits Logarithm of edification permits measured in squared kilometers and normalized by the total population in each province and year.
Eight population variables from 1980 and one population variable from 1990 and 2000 were renormalized after the spatial allocation to insure consistency across census topics (e.g., population by race was normalized by the total population; population by sex, age, and race was normalized for consistency with population by race and population by sex).
The quantity z represents the distance between the raw score and the population mean normalized by standard deviation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com