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Chromogranin A expression was measured in 37 (27.8 %) patients, with normalization reported in 6 (16.2 % of 37) patients and a reduction in 10 (27.0 % of 37) patients.
In analogy to the divisive normalization reported in the visual system (Carandini and Heeger, 2012), we termed the rescaling operation described in Equation 1 as 'transient normalization'.
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These default convergence parameters were used for all the MedianCD and SVCD normalizations reported, with the exception of MedianCD with the Golden Spike dataset, which used 30% (instead of 10%) of relative change for 10 steps in a row, to reach convergence.
Nevertheless, a reduction of U5-HIAA levels ≥80% (or normalization) is reported as predictive of symptomatic relief, but not of disease progression [ 19].
Normalizations using either the ARO1 or GAL4 control locus gave very similar values for enrichments, and only ARO1-based normalizations are reported.
For the X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis, the experimental absorption coefficients as the function of energies were processed by background subtraction and normalization procedure, and reported as "normalized intensity".
HTS studies and automated HTS data analysis software using any normalization or scaling scheme should include an option to inspect the quality of the raw data before normalization and report the detailed description of the data processing procedures used in the analyses.
We achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on all languages in the TempEval-2 temporal normalization task, reporting a 4% improvement in both English and Spanish accuracy, and to our knowledge the first results for four other languages.
We employed a pre-processing and normalization pipeline as reported previously.. Color-bias adjustment, quantile normalization, probe type bias adjustment and batch correction were performed.
Promoter activity values were measured as arbitrary units using a renilla reporter for internal normalization and were reported as relative luciferase activity as compared to control untreated samples.
We found that the normalization procedure we used reduced the array variance between 2-8-fold, and a newly reported normalization algorithm suggests that array variance can be reduced even further [ 24].
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