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When bulk diffusion is allowed, normal traction vanishes.
Closed form solutions are then obtained for a concentrated normal force (the Flamant problem), for constant normal traction, and a typical Hertzian normal traction distribution from classical elasticity.
This is because the sliding induces the normal traction and the diffusion the tangential traction.
The flat on flat contact normal traction distributions are approximated for fretting fatigue by a simple expression.
In this case, normal traction on the seafloor has a horizontal component that will impart horizontal momentum from the solid Earth to the ocean.
This paper describes the development and analysis of the closed form space time domain solution for a knife-edge load, i.e. a line segment of normal traction, moving at a constant speed on the surface of an elastic halfspace.
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A bilinear bond-slip model is used to simulate the shear traction-separation law of the FRP concrete interface; while the normal traction-separation law of the interface is approximated by a triangular model.
The weighting coefficient ((beta )) defines the ratio between critical shear and normal tractions (Ruiz et al. 2001).
The in-plane loads considered on the bounding edges are: (i) normal tractions on the length, (ii) normal tractions on the width, (iii) equal normal tractions on the length and the width (equal biaxial loading), (iv) shear (tangential), and (v) combined same normal and shear tractions on all sides.
A Mohr Coulomb initiation criterion is utilized to incorporate the effects of the normal tractions acting on the crack faces, and an effective shear traction is defined accordingly.
The constitutive relations incorporate the shear and the normal tractions applied on the top and the bottom surfaces of the plate.
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