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These results suggest that Bcl-2 may be important in maintaining normal breast function.
Myoepithelial cells (MEC) are essential to the maintenance of normal breast function, and loss of normal MEC function is commonly associated with breast cancer.
Proper coordination of all of these activities is necessary to maintain normal breast function; accordingly, it is unsurprising that the loss of myoepithelial function is almost universally associated with breast cancer [ 1, 15, 17].
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MCF10A cells are a spontaneously immortalized breast epithelial cell line that have been extensively used to study normal breast epithelial function [ 31].
However, there is no viable in vivo model to study their role in normal human breast function.
Understanding of the role of such interactions in normal human breast function and in breast cancers has been greatly facilitated by recent improvements in in vitro culture systems that recapitulate differentiated and transformed epithelial cell phenotypes.
By correlating DOS-derived parameters with lesion pathology and specific molecular markers, we anticipate that composite "tissue optical indices" can be developed that non-invasively characterize both tumor and normal breast-tissue function.
This observation does not support the hypothesis that the observed promoter hypermethylation of the six genes under investigation starts in the normal breast tissue as a function of age.
For example, S1 (silencer element), which is situated between exons 1c and 1d, negatively regulates aromatase expression in normal breast tissue, suppressing the function of exons 1c/1d in combination with EAR-2/COUP-TF-1/EAR-γ.
Interestingly, the two other PKD family members, PKD2 and PKD3, showed no significant difference in their expression or localisation in infiltrating ductal carcinoma and normal breast tissue, indicating a potential function for PKD1 in invasive breast cancer.
PTHrP thus has important functions in normal breast development and physiology.
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