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This paper seeks to not only estimate these peer effects, but also to distinguish between two mechanisms: social multiplier effects and social norm effects.
Social norm effects were most evident as direct and indirect norms in the context of initial commitment to circumcision.
Although computationally efficient because of the minimal number of parameters to be estimated, this model only captures separate reaction norm effects but fails to incorporate interactions.
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We find that, for education, students tend to conform to the social norm of their friends while, for sport activities, both the social multiplier and the social norm effect matter.
After estimating an augmented spatial autoregressive model using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health Survey, this study finds significant peer interactions in body mass index, which can be explained by both mechanisms of peer influence; the social norm effect is much larger than the social multiplier effect.
They had impaired HRQOL on two subscales (Physical Functioning and Bodily Pain) compared to the population norm (effect sizes.3-.5) one year after surgery (Table 3).
On the other hand, the conformity to the norm effect of the negative message should operate in the opposite direction to the priming effect, resulting in a lower impact on intention than for the positive message.
When pressure fell short of occupational norms, effects were much weaker and in some cases reversed.
Perhaps because the treatment included descriptive social norms, effects are heterogeneous: households in the highest decile of pre-treatment consumption decrease usage by 6.3%, while consumption by the lowest decile decreases by only 0.3%.
The second normalization step, after the selection of first strongest user, makes the channel-norm effect go away completely, and the selection criterion becomes the mutual orthogonality of users' channel vectors.
The study should be replicated with other samples, carefully separating a priming effect from a conformity-to-the-norm effect, to shed further light on the issue.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com