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Confounding is usual because prescribers in a particular clinical circumstance may choose to use one drug rather than another, and those circumstances are usually not obvious to, nor ascertained by, the researcher.
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It was not possible to determine how many had attended tertiary facilities nor ascertain the diagnosis.
They do not reflect the performance, ensure direct observation or feedback nor ascertain the level of achievement of a trainee [ 12].
The assumption is that it was recovered in the 19th century, although where and when cannot be ascertained, nor is it clear why it was only published as late as 1972.
Physiologic effects other than distribution of vibration were not ascertained nor were outcome parameters obtained.
Pertussis, which remains endemic in developing countries (4 ), was reported in northeastern Afghanistan in 2002 (5 ), but was never biologically ascertained nor reported in Kabul.
Literature suggests that the attitudes and perspectives of the very old toward assisted suicide and euthanasia have not been ascertained, nor is the literature well-attuned to First Nations and the ethnically and culturally diverse populations now found in Canada.
No associations between the proportion of calves with antibodies against IBR virus and incidence of abortions, stillbirths, calf death, nor non-pregnancy were ascertained [ 14].
Hence, the impact of drought on a specific ES or even bundled ES cannot be ascertained with certainty nor is it generalizable for managed alpine grasslands.
In multivariate analyses adjusting for various potential baseline confounders (but not age and gender), neither an effect of keyboard work nor of repetitive work (as ascertained in 1984) was found.
Neither we nor others in the field have ascertained the underlying mechanism by which rRNA depletion alters relative mRNA abundances.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com