Exact(9)
Work schedules of college graduates appear not to be affected by immigration, although a proportion similar to that of less educated groups report having nonstandard work schedules.
The evidence presented above suggests that a larger immigrant concentration in the province changes the incidence of nonstandard work schedules among employed natives.
About 32percentt of employed immigrants reported having worked a nonstandard work schedule at least once over the past month, as compared with 28percentt among natives; night‐work (after 11 pm) is less frequent than work between 8 and 11 pm or work on Sunday.
To establish whether the improvement of labor conditions is caused by immigrants crowding natives out of occupations more likely to involve nonstandard work schedules or whether it is accompanied by the creation of jobs with more standard schedules, I examine the effect of immigration on the probability of being employed (column 3).
The definition of this phenomenon, which is also known as "nonstandard work schedules", varies somewhat among scholars and across countries.
A plausible explanation for this difference is that in Finland the government provides early childhood education during nonstandard work hours, while the Netherlands offers flexible and reduced work hours.
Similar(51)
For it entails that Latin American philosophy can accommodate whatever works meet an appropriate contextually determined condition, whether they be nonstandard works such as those of las Casas and Guttiérrez, or mainstream ones such as those of Newton da Costa or C. Ulises Moulines (the issue is discussed further below).
"The prevalence of more nonstandard service work and less full-time manufacturing work raises considerable job-quality issues that will pose challenges that may only be met by public policy," the study authors wrote.
One study comparing the UK, the Netherlands and Finland found that nonstandard parental work schedules are associated with less sociable behaviour among children in the UK but not elsewhere.
Research shows consistent evidence that nonstandard parental work schedules are linked to adverse developmental outcomes, with children more likely to exhibit social and emotional problems or have lower maths and language skills.
Consistently with recent literature on immigration and task specialization (Cortes and Tessada [13]; D'Amuri and Peri [15]; Peri and Sparber [33]), the complementarity of different working schedules and group heterogeneity in the propensity to work nonstandard shifts might induce a negative effect of immigration on the likelihood of natives working nonstandard hours.2.2
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