none of whom

USAGE SUMMARY

'none of whom' is a correct and usable part of a sentence in written English.
It is used to refer to a group of people mentioned earlier in the sentence. For example: The team was composed of five members, none of whom had any experience in the field.

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

59 human-written examples

Participants: Ten healthy subjects, none of whom had gait abnormality.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

The study involved 28 undergraduate and graduate students as participants, none of whom had studied neuroscience.

Stanford University

Participants: Thirty-four healthy subjects, none of whom had an apparent LLD, as determined by iliac crest palpation.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

I'm a pretty upbeat guy". Others, none of whom would be named, tell a different story.

The Washington Post

He also appears enviably relaxed with his adult children, none of whom went into TV.

The Guardian

"There are only three main parties, none of whom are very good," explains Ovens.

The Guardian

"The Democrats, none of whom voted for Jeff Sessions, must love him now," Trump tweeted.

The Washington Post

The eight children, none of whom lived longer than 14 months, died between 1949 and 1968.

The New York Times

So do the cast members, none of whom are allowed onstage during scenery shifts.

The New York Times

The majority of the firefighters involved in the fighting, none of whom were arrested, are white.

The New York Times

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

1 human-written examples

Nor was it easier to find her opponents, none of whom I had ever heard of.

HuffPost

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "none of whom" to clearly indicate that every member of a previously mentioned group is excluded from a particular action or characteristic. It adds a formal tone to your writing.

Common error

A common mistake is using "none of which" when referring to people. Remember, "whom" is the correct relative pronoun for people, while "which" is for things or concepts. Instead of writing 'The candidates, none of which were qualified…', use 'The candidates, "none of whom" were qualified…'.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "none of whom" functions as a relative pronoun phrase, introducing a clause that provides additional information about a group of people previously mentioned. Ludwig AI confirms its correct usage in written English.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

48%

Science

28%

Formal & Business

12%

Less common in

Wiki

7%

Encyclopedias

3%

Reference

2%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "none of whom" is a grammatically correct and frequently used phrase in English, as validated by Ludwig. It functions as a relative pronoun phrase used to indicate that no members of a previously mentioned group possess a certain characteristic or have performed a certain action. It is most commonly found in news and media, scientific writing, and formal business contexts. When using the phrase, remember to use "whom" to refer to people and avoid confusing it with "none of which". Consider alternatives like "not one of whom" or "not a single one of whom" for similar effect. With over 50 real-world examples, Ludwig showcases the versatile application of "none of whom" in various written contexts.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

not one of whom

Emphasizes the singularity of exclusion rather than the group as a whole.

not a single one of whom

Adds further emphasis to the lack of inclusion from the group.

no one among whom

Slightly more formal and emphasizes the position within the group.

not any of whom

More direct and less emphatic than "none of whom".

zero of whom

A more numerical and stark way to express the absence.

all of whom did not

Changes the structure to focus on what they didn't do rather than excluding them.

and they all didn't

Simplifies the sentence structure, making it less formal.

in which nobody

Rephrases as a description of a state where nobody is included.

without any of them

Focuses on the lack of inclusion without directly using "whom".

they all failed to

Shifts the focus to a failure to achieve something.

FAQs

How do I use "none of whom" in a sentence?

"None of whom" is used to refer back to a group of people previously mentioned, indicating that none of them possess a certain characteristic or performed a certain action. For example, 'The applicants, "none of whom" had the required experience, were rejected'.

What's the difference between "none of whom" and "neither of whom"?

"None of whom" refers to more than two people, indicating that not a single one of them fulfills a condition. "Neither of whom" refers to exactly two people, indicating that neither of them fulfills a condition. Use "none of whom" when the group consists of more than two people. For instance, 'The five team members, "none of whom" spoke Spanish, struggled to communicate with the client'.

Can I use "none of which" instead of "none of whom"?

No, "none of which" should be used when referring to things or ideas, not people. "None of whom" is specifically for referring to people. For example, 'The books, "none of which" were available, were ordered online'.

What are some alternatives to "none of whom"?

Alternatives include phrases like "not one of whom", "not a single one of whom", or rephrasing the sentence to use 'and they all didn't'. For example, instead of 'The students, "none of whom" had studied the material, failed the test', you could say 'The students had not studied the material and "they all failed to" the test'.