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A variety of structures of carbon were observed, including a well-graphitized structure, nanosized graphite particles, quinoline insoluble (QI) particles, chaotic structures and non-graphitizing carbon.
Glassy carbon (GC), a non-graphitizing carbon which combines glassy and ceramic properties with those of graphite, have been doped to superconductors.
Glassy carbon (GC) is a widely used non-graphitizing carbon material, and has excellent resistances to physical and chemical attacks.
The non-graphitizing carbon consisted of flat and curved single layer graphene fragments with a size typically less than 1 nm.
A model for the structure of a non-graphitizing carbon is built by randomly incorporating between 0.5% and 4% non-hexagonal rings into an extended sp2 carbon sheet.
The planar carbon sp2-content of all three material types is similar to that of traditional non-graphitizing carbon although, both biomass-based carbon types contain a greater percentage of fullerene character (i.e. curved graphene sheets) than a non-graphitizing carbon pyrolyzed at the same temperature.
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A new pathway to synthesize a carbon with both nanoporosity and pre-graphitic structures has been discovered by annealing at 2000 °C a CO2 activated, non-graphitizing, nanoporous carbon originally derived from polyfurfuryl alcohol.
To examine whether acid treatment of a non-graphitizing hard carbon influences positively or negatively its electrochemical anodic performance, this study reports the effects of sulfuric acid treatment on the microstructural changes and electrochemical performance of PAN-based hard carbons prepared at various temperatures.
The low reactivity and gas impermeability of glassy carbon has been explained by a fullerene-related model that holds that glassy carbon contains primarily non-graphitizing sp2-bonded carbons [6].
This small activation energy of the carbon nanowire is also found in predominantly sp2 carbonaceous materials such as pyrolyzed polyfurfuryl alcohol nanowires [13] and confirms that the composition of the suspended carbon nanowire is mainly non-graphitizing sp2 bonded carbons.
The interpretation relates spectroscopic characteristics with the graphitizing and non-graphitizing structural evolution of these carbon nanoforms.
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