This effect was evident for both non-widespread CMSCs and widespread CMSCs, but only significant for the former (Table 5).
Subjects with CMSCs who did not meet the criteria for widespread CMSCs were defined as non-widespread CMSCs.
Compared to subjects without headache and CMSCs non-widespread CMSCs gave a 60% increased risk of insomnia, while a 100% increased risk was observed among those with widespread CMSCs (Table 3).
They consisted of slow waves of low amplitude (among the 50% with lowest amplitude), non-widespread slow waves or no slow waves.
An increased exercise level tended to be more favourable than a decreased level, being associated with a lower prevalence of both chronic widespread and non-widespread MSCs.
Individuals with chronic MSCs not fulfilling the criteria for chronic widespread MSCs were defined as having chronic non-widespread MSCs (mutually exclusive).
In the present study, individuals with chronic MSCs (pain and/or stiffness ≥ 3 months during the past year) were subdivided into chronic widespread MSCs and chronic non-widespread MSCs.
However, when HbA1c was treated as a continuous variable, there was a linear trend (p < 0.036, β = -,055) of decreasing prevalence of chronic non-widespread MSCs with increasing HbA1c.
Similarly, the sharp faunal division across Wallace's line (dividing SE-Asia and Australia-New Guinea plates) of most (i.e., non-widespread) ariine taxa disfavors dispersal acting as a homogenizing force.
Among the 39,520 participants, 20, 223 (51%) reported chronic MSCs, whereof 2,318 (5.9%) had chronic widespread MSCs and the remaining 17,905 (45.1%) chronic non-widespread MSCs.
Chronic widespread MSCs are associated with an increased risk of cancer and higher mortality [ 7, 8], and to emphasize this important group, we subdivided individuals with chronic MSCs into non-widespread and widespread MSCs.
