A non-uniform force field is designed to excite turbulent fluctuations.
A literature study contradicts this, showing that in inviscid flows vorticity is generated by tangential pressure gradients or, equivalently, a non-uniform force field.
The problem is theoretically treated as a Kramers approach, a Brownian motion in a non-uniform force field, in which the friction term may become active (eg through phonon assisted autocatalytic energy input leading to a dissipative activated complex).
This only requires a non-uniform force distribution over the FA by which the chemical potential vanishes at both ends: <img src="http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=info?doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0012043.e320.PNG" class= inline-graphic"/>.
In this paper, the mesoscopic representation of non-uniform forcing is investigated by an inverse design approach, for several MRT (multiple-relaxation-time) lattice Boltzmann models.
Although, simple in fabrication the electric field generated by 2D electrodes decays exponentially, resulting in rather non-uniform forcing on the cell membrane.
These theoretical results are then validated by numerical simulations of a forced Taylor Green vortex flow, with several different forms of non-uniform forcing to alter the kinetic-energy evolution of the system.
The riser is modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam subjected to non-uniform axial force and transverse random force.
A non-uniform finger/phalange force distribution, in which finger force was proportional to finger muscle capabilities, exhibited a stronger correlation with subjective ratings of comfort than a uniform finger/phalange force distribution.
A dual-cubic-polynomial function is also presented to describe the non-uniform cutting force coefficients of the ball part cutting edge and the nonlinear chip size effect on cutting force.
Thus, in both cases a non-uniform prestress force is present along the beam and its variation should be considered in dynamic identification process.
