Citizen science, on the other hand, can be defined as the set of scientific activities in which non-professional scientists voluntarily participate in data collection, analysis and dissemination of a scientific project [7].
We included data from several sources including the published results of academic, governmental, and non-governmental organization (NGO) scientists and, for one source (Reef Check), volunteers trained and supervised by professional scientists (Table S2).
She won the professional scientists category of the 2011 Wellcome Trust Science Writing Prize.
Mr. Johnson's decisions, she said, "went against the professional scientists and the professional legal experts".
Such scientists often receive too little recognition from professional scientists.
Science teachers are not professional scientists per se.
And dedicated professional scientists will continue to be abused.
Of course, volunteers do need some help from professional scientists.
The citizen acts as an observer or experimenter within structures established by a project run by professional scientists.
This is unexpectedly high for a group of highly trained, professional scientists.
Accordingly, their omission from the NGSS reflects the consensus view among professional scientists and science educators.
